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Pharmaceutically
Prepared Drug Analysis
1. Verification
Analysis of a commercially or
pharmaceutically prepared drug is an important task to determine if the
drug prepared drug solution contains the correct concentration and type
of drug. The drug solution could be questionable if after
administration, the individual is unresponsive to the medication.
Toxicological testing of drugs is also available on other fluids
other than the more common blood, serum, or urine, and solids. These include CSF, Stool,
Saline, IV Solution, etc. Typical specimen requirements are minimum of 2 mls (liquid)
and/or 2 gr (solid). If this is not available, we will work with what you provide
us. Most test can be done on a Stat basis. If available, please provide us with as
much information as possible about the case (i.e. suspected drugs, amount, etc.).
Base fees for Corporate, Institution/Organization ONLY.
Any drug(s) not listed in this list that you wish
to test, please call us at 614-459-2307 or email us at staydrugfree@toxassociates.com.
2. Stability Study
This is an important task to determine the length of drug stability so
that drug disposable and inventory can be manage more efficiently.
This can be a great savings, especially in this times of economic
hardships where wasting a good product can be reduced if not altogether
avoided.
A drug study can be done in many ways. As an example,
University Hospital Pharmacy needs to determine the concentration of
Morphine with an initial drug of concentration of 50 mg/ml over a
period of time say 6 months. They decided to conduct this study,
because of raised concerns of the disposal of Morphine, in which it is
disposed after 48 hrs. at room temperature after it is prepared by the
pharmacy technician. The Pharmacy prepared over 5000, 100 ml
solution of Morphine everyday, and out 5000 approximately 12 % or 600
solutions worth over $75,000.00 are disposed because of reduced
concentration after 48 hrs., that may not be effective when
administered.
The following is an example scenario for determining the length of time
Morphine diminishes in concentration at 50 mg/ml every 5 days for 90
days. The protocol calls for disposal of the drug solution when
the concentration reduces to 10 %.
From the data below, the day at which the concentration is reduced by 10
% or 45 mg/ml is at 45 days. So from this study, Mophine solution
is good for 45 days. A great savings for the Pharmacy in avoiding
wasting a perfectly good solution.
Of course, the study can be done in any way that you feel is best for
your facility. We will try to accommodate your needs and work with
you in your study.
| Time (day) |
Concentration
(
mg/ml) |
Time (day) |
Concentration
(mg/ml) |
Time (day) |
Concentration
(mg/ml) |
| 0 |
50.0 |
45 |
45.1 |
90 |
25.2 |
| 5 |
49.8 |
50 |
44.7 |
|
|
| 10 |
49.5 |
55 |
44.2 |
|
|
| 15 |
49.2 |
60 |
43.5 |
|
|
| 20 |
49.0 |
65 |
41.4 |
|
|
| 25 |
49.0 |
70 |
38.5 |
|
|
| 30 |
48.7 |
75 |
35.2 |
|
|
| 35 |
48.3 |
80 |
33.0 |
|
|
| 40 |
47.8 |
85 |
28.0 |
|
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NEXT
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Test |
Specimen Requirements
|
Method |
Acetaminophen
(Tylenol)
|
1 ml min
|
GC/MS, GC-TSD
|
Amphetamine Screen |
2 ml min
|
GC/MS, GC-TSD
|
|
Antidepressant Screen
|
2 ml min
Amitriptyline, Desipramine, Fluoxetine (Prozac), Doxepin,
Cyclobenzaprine, Imipramine, Nortriptyline
|
GC/MS GC-TSD |
Amitriptyline
(Elavil)
|
2 ml min
|
GC/MS, GC-TSD
|
|
Barbiturates Screen Qualitative
Quantitative
Amobarbital
Butalbital
Pentobarbital
Phenobarbital
Pentothal
Secobarbital |
1 ml min
1 ml min
1.5 ml min
1 ml min
1 ml min
1 ml min
1 ml min |
GC/MS, GC-TSD
GC-TSD
GC-TSD
GC-TSD
GC-TSD
GC-TSD
GC-TSD |
|
Benzodiazepines Screen Qualitative |
5 ml. min
Alprazolam (Xanax), Diazepam (Valium), Chlordiazepoxide (Librium),
Nordiazepam, Flurazepam (Dalmane), Temazepam, Oxazepam (Serax), Halcion,
Halazepam |
GC-TSD, GC/MS |
Benzodiazepines
Quantitative
Alprazolam
Clonazepam
Diazepam
Flurazepam
Flunitrazepam
Librium
Lorazepam
Midazolam
Temazepam |
2 ml min
2 ml min
2 ml min
2 ml min
2 ml min
2 ml min
2 ml min
2 ml min
2 ml min
|
GC-ECD
GC-TSD
GC-TSD
GC-TSD
GC-TSD
GC-TSD
GC-ECD
GC-ECD
GC-TSD |
Clonidine
Qualitative
Quantitative |
2 ml min
2 ml min |
GC/MS
GC-TSD |
Cocaine
Qualitative
Quantitative |
(if bodily fluid specimen, includes metabolites Benzoylecgonine &
Methylecgonine)
2 ml min
3 ml min |
GC/MS, GC-TSD
GC-TSD |
Codeine
Qualitative
Quantitative |
(if bodily fluid specimen, includes metabolites Morphine & Hydrocodone)
2 ml min
3 ml min |
GC-TSD, GC/MS
GC-TSD |
|
Cyanide Qualitative/Quantitative |
4 ml min |
SPEC |
Cyclobenzaprine
(Flexeril) Quantitative
Qualitative |
2.5 ml min
3 ml min |
GC-TSD
GC-TSD, GC/MS |
Desipramine
(Norpramin) Quantitative
Qualitative |
2.5 ml min
3 ml min |
GC-TSD
GC-TSD, GC/MS |
Doxepin
(Sinequan) Quantitative
Qualitative |
2.5 ml min
2.0 ml min |
GC-TSD
GC/MS |
|
Ephedrine
Quantitative
Qualitative |
2.5 ml min
2 ml min |
GC-MS, GC-TSD
GC-TSD |
Ethosuximide
(Zarontin) Qualitative
Quantitative |
2 ml min
2 ml min |
GC/MS, GC-TSD
GC-TSD |
Fluphenazine
(Antipsychotic) Qualitative
Quantitative |
2 ml min.
3 ml min |
GC/MS, GC-TSD
GC-TSD, GC-FID |
Gabapentin
(Neurontin)
Qualitative
Quantitative |
2 ml min
2 ml min |
GC-MS, GC-TSD
GC-TSD, HPLC |
Haldol
(Haloperidol)
Quantitative Qualitative |
3 ml min
2 ml min |
GC-TSD
GC/MS, GC-TSD |
Heroin
(Diacetylmorphine)
Qualitative
Quantitative |
2 ml min
2.5 ml min |
GC/MS, GC-TSD
GC-TSD, GC-FID |
Hydrocodone
(Vicodin)
Qualitative
Quantitative |
2 ml min
2 ml min |
GC/MS, GC-TSD
GC-TSD |
Hydromorphone
(Dilaudid)
Qualitative
Quantitative |
2 ml min
2 ml min |
GC-FID, GC/MS
GC/MS |
Ibuprofen
(Motrin, Advil)
Qualitative
Quantitative |
2 ml min.
1 ml min |
GC/MS, GC-FID
GC/MS, HPLC, GC-FID |
Imipramine
(Tofranil)
Qualitative
Quantitative |
2 ml min
2.5 ml min |
GC/MS, GC-FID
GC-TSD |
Lamotrigine
(Lamictal)
Qualitative Quantitative |
2 ml min
2 ml min |
GC/MS
HPLC |
Lidocaine
(Xylocaine)
Quantitative
Qualitative |
1 ml min
2 ml min |
GC-TSD, GC-FID
GC/MS, GC-TSD |
LSD
(Lysergic Diethylamide)
Quantitative
Qualitative |
2 ml min
2 ml min |
GC-TSD, SPEC
GC/MS, GC-TSD |
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